Which layer of the OSI model does the MAC address operate at?

The MAC address operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and handles protocols for the physical network connection. MAC addresses are used to uniquely identify devices on a local area network (LAN) and facilitate communication between devices within the same network segment.

At the Data Link Layer, MAC addresses are critical for determining how data packets are directed to specific devices on a network, ensuring that each device can be distinctly identified and addressed. This process involves framing data packets with the necessary MAC address information for delivery. Understanding the role of MAC addresses within this context is essential for network management and troubleshooting, as they play a fundamental role in the functionality of Ethernet networks and local area networks in general.